Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: трансграничен работник
- CZ: přeshraniční pracovník; příhraniční pracovník
- DE: Grenzgänger
- EE: piiriülene töötaja
- EN: cross-border worker
- ES: trabajador transfronterizo
- FI: rajatyöntekijä
- FR: travailleur transfrontalier
- GA: oibrí trasteorann
- GR: διασυνοριακής εργαζομένων
- HU: határ menti ingázó munkavállaló
- IT: lavoratore frontaliero
- LT: tarpvalstybinis darbuotojas
- LV: pārrobežu darba ņēmējs
- MT: Ħaddiem transkonfinali / jaqsam fruntiera
- NL: grensarbeider
- NO: grensependler (b) / grensependlar (n)
- PL: pracownik transgraniczny
- RO: lucrator transfrontalier
- SE: gränsarbetare
- SK: cezhraničný pracovník
- SL: čezmejni delavec
A person who works as an employee or self-employed person in one EU Member State but is recognised as residing in another (neighbouring) EU Member State.
2. The concept of cross-border workers covers different circumstances, depending on whether one takes the Community meaning (set out, in particular, in connection with social security) or the various definitions included in bilateral double-taxation agreements.
3. Where tax is concerned, bilateral double-taxation agreements determining the tax arrangements applicable to frontier workers use more restrictive definitions which additionally impose a spatial criterion: the fact of living and working in a frontier zone.
4. Often 'cross-border workers' and 'frontier workers' are considered as synonyms. However, cross-border workers are distinct from frontier workers to the extent that they do not necessarily work in the frontier zone of the host country.
- BG: самонаето лице
- CZ: osoba samostatně výdělečně činná (OSVČ)
- DE: Selbstständiger, selbstständig erwerbstätige Person (LU)
- EE: füüsilisest isikust ettevõtja
- EN: self-employed person
- ES: trabajador por cuanta propia
- FI: itsenäinen ammatinharjoittaja
- FR: travailleur indépendant
- GA: duine féinfhostaithe
- HU: önfoglalkoztatott személy
- IT: lavoratore autonomo
- LT: savarankiškai dirbantis asmuo
- LV: pašnodarbināta persona
- MT: Persuna taħdem għal rasha
- NL: zelfstandige
- NO: selvstendig sysselsatt (b) / sjølvstendig sysselsett (n)
- PL: osoba samozatrudniona
- RO: asociat
- SE: egenföretagare
- SK: samostatne zárobkovo činná osoba / SZČO
- SL: samozaposlena oseba
A person who is the sole or joint owner of the unincorporated enterprise (one that has not been incorporated, i.e. formed into a legal corporation) in which they work, unless they are also in paid employment which is their main activity.